Ukadaulo wa UV umawonedwa ndi ambiri ngati ukadaulo wa "mmwamba-ndi-ukubwera" wochiritsa zokutira zamafakitale.Ngakhale zitha kukhala zachilendo kwa ambiri m'mafakitale ndi zokutira zamagalimoto, zakhala zikuchitika kwazaka zopitilira makumi atatu m'mafakitale ena…
Ukadaulo wa UV umawonedwa ndi ambiri ngati ukadaulo wa "mmwamba-ndi-ukubwera" wochiritsa zokutira zamafakitale.Ngakhale zitha kukhala zachilendo kwa ambiri m'mafakitale ndi zokutira zamagalimoto, zakhala zikuchitika kwazaka zopitilira makumi atatu m'mafakitale ena.Anthu amayenda pa zinthu zoyala pansi za UV zokutidwa ndi UV tsiku lililonse, ndipo ambiri aife timakhala nazo mnyumba zathu.Ukadaulo wochiritsa wa UV umathandizanso kwambiri pamakampani opanga zamagetsi.Mwachitsanzo, pankhani ya mafoni a m'manja, ukadaulo wa UV umagwiritsidwa ntchito popaka nyumba zapulasitiki, zokutira kuteteza zida zamagetsi zamkati, zomata zomata za UV komanso ngakhale kupanga zowonera zamitundu zomwe zimapezeka pamafoni ena.Momwemonso, mafakitale opanga ma fiber ndi ma DVD/CD amagwiritsa ntchito zokutira ndi zomatira za UV zokha ndipo sizikanakhalapo monga tikudziwira masiku ano ngati ukadaulo wa UV ukadapanda kuthandizira chitukuko chawo.
Ndiye kuchiritsa kwa UV ndi chiyani?Mwachidule, ndi njira yolumikizira zokutira (kuchiritsa) ndi njira yamankhwala yomwe imayambitsidwa ndi kuthandizidwa ndi mphamvu ya UV.Pasanathe mphindi imodzi chophimbacho chimasinthidwa kuchoka kumadzi kukhala cholimba.Pali kusiyana kwakukulu muzinthu zina zopangira ndi magwiridwe antchito a resin mu zokutira, koma izi zimawonekera kwa wogwiritsa ntchito zokutira.
Zida zogwiritsira ntchito wamba monga mfuti zopopera za air-atomized, HVLP, mabelu ozungulira, zokutira, zokutira ndi zida zina zimayika zokutira za UV.Komabe, m'malo molowa mu uvuni wotenthedwa pambuyo popaka utoto ndi zosungunulira zosungunulira, zokutirazo zimachiritsidwa ndi mphamvu ya UV yopangidwa ndi zida za nyale za UV zokonzedwa m'njira yomwe imawunikira zokutira ndi mphamvu zochepa zomwe zimafunikira kuti chichiritsidwe.
Makampani ndi mafakitale omwe amapezerapo mwayi paukadaulo wa UV apereka phindu lodabwitsa popereka ukadaulo wapamwamba kwambiri wopangira komanso chinthu chomaliza chapamwamba kwinaku akukweza phindu.
Kugwiritsa Ntchito Makhalidwe a UV
Kodi ndi makhalidwe otani omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito?Choyamba, monga tanena kale, kuchiritsa kumakhala kofulumira kwambiri ndipo kumatha kutentha kutentha.Izi zimathandiza kuchiza bwino kwa magawo omwe samva kutentha, ndipo zokutira zonse zitha kuchiritsidwa mwachangu kwambiri.Kuchiritsa kwa UV ndiye chinsinsi cha zokolola ngati chotchinga (botolo-khosi) munjira yanu ndi nthawi yayitali yochira.Komanso, liwiro limalola njira yokhala ndi phazi laling'ono kwambiri.Poyerekeza, zokutira wamba zomwe zimafuna kuphika kwa mphindi 30 pa liwiro la mzere wa 15 fpm zimafunikira 450 ft ya conveyor mu uvuni, pomwe zokutira zotetezedwa ndi UV zingafunike 25 ft (kapena kuchepera) ya conveyor.
Kulumikizana kolumikizana ndi UV kumatha kupangitsa kuti utoto ukhale wolimba kwambiri.Ngakhale zokutira zimatha kupangidwa kuti zikhale zovuta kuzigwiritsa ntchito monga pansi, zitha kupangidwanso kuti zizitha kusinthasintha.Mitundu yonse iwiri ya zokutira, zolimba komanso zosinthika, zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pamagalimoto.
Makhalidwewa ndi omwe amayendetsa kupitilizabe kukula ndi kulowa kwaukadaulo wa UV pazovala zamagalimoto.Zachidziwikire, pali zovuta zokhudzana ndi kuchiritsa kwa UV kwa zokutira zamafakitale.Chodetsa nkhaŵa chachikulu kwa mwiniwake wa ndondomekoyi ndikukhoza kuwonetsa madera onse a ziwalo zovuta ku mphamvu ya UV.Pamwamba pachophimbacho chiyenera kuwonetseredwa ndi mphamvu zochepa za UV zomwe zimafunikira kuchiza kupaka.Izi zimafuna kusanthula mozama kwa gawolo, kukwera kwa magawo, ndi makonzedwe a nyali kuti athetse mthunzi.Komabe, pakhala kusintha kwakukulu kwa nyali, zopangira ndi zinthu zopangidwa zomwe zimapambana zambiri mwazovutazi.
Kuwunikira Kwagalimoto Kutsogolo
Makina ogwiritsira ntchito magalimoto pomwe UV yakhala ukadaulo wokhazikika uli mumakampani owunikira magalimoto akutsogolo, pomwe zokutira za UV zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwazaka zopitilira 15 ndipo tsopano zikulamula 80% yamsika.Nyali zakumutu zimakhala ndi zigawo ziwiri zofunika kuzikuta - lens ya polycarbonate ndi nyumba yowunikira.Dilalo limafunikira zokutira zolimba kwambiri, zosakanda kuti ziteteze polycarbonate ku zinthu ndi kuzunzidwa.Nyumba yowonetsera ili ndi UV basecoat (primer) yomwe imasindikiza gawo lapansi ndipo imapereka malo osalala kwambiri kuti azitha kuyika zitsulo.Msika wa reflector basecoat tsopano wachiritsidwa ndi 100% UV.Zifukwa zazikulu zolerera ana zakhala zokolola zabwino, njira yaying'ono yotsatsira komanso magwiridwe antchito apamwamba.
Ngakhale zokutira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndizotetezedwa ndi UV, zimakhala ndi zosungunulira.Komabe, zambiri za overspray zimatengedwanso ndikubwezerezedwanso munjirayo, zomwe zimakwaniritsa pafupifupi 100% kusamutsa bwino.Cholinga cha chitukuko chamtsogolo ndikuwonjezera zolimba mpaka 100% ndikuchotsa kufunikira kwa oxidizer.
Zida Zapulasitiki Zakunja
Chimodzi mwazinthu zomwe sizidziwika kwambiri ndikugwiritsa ntchito chovala choyera cha UV chomwe chimatha kuchira pamawumbidwe am'mbali mwamitundu.Poyambirira, zokutira izi zidapangidwa kuti zichepetse chikasu pamawonekedwe akunja amtundu wa vinyl.Chophimbacho chimayenera kukhala cholimba kwambiri komanso chosinthika kuti chisasunthike popanda kusweka kuchokera kuzinthu zomwe zimagunda.Madalaivala ogwiritsira ntchito zokutira za UV mu pulogalamuyi ndi liwiro la machiritso (njira yaying'ono) komanso magwiridwe antchito apamwamba.
SMC Body Panels
Mapepala akamaumba pawiri (SMC) ndi zinthu gulu zimene zakhala ntchito m'malo zitsulo kwa zaka zoposa 30.SMC imakhala ndi utomoni wa poliyesitala wodzazidwa ndi magalasi womwe waponyedwa m'mapepala.Mapepalawa amaikidwa mu nkhungu yoponderezedwa ndikupangidwa kukhala mapanelo a thupi.SMC itha kusankhidwa chifukwa imachepetsa mtengo wa zida zopangira zing'onozing'ono, imachepetsa kulemera, imathandizira kukana komanso kuwononga dzimbiri, komanso imapatsa ma stylists kutalika kwakukulu.Komabe, chimodzi mwazovuta pakugwiritsa ntchito SMC ndikumaliza kwa gawo lopangira makina.SMC ndi gawo lokhala ndi porous.Pamene gulu la thupi, lomwe tsopano lili mgalimoto, likudutsa mu uvuni wa penti wa clearcoat, vuto la utoto lotchedwa "porosity pop" likhoza kuchitika.Izi zidzafunika kukonza malo, kapena ngati pali "ma pop" okwanira, kukonzanso kwathunthu kwa chipolopolo cha thupi.
Zaka zitatu zapitazo, pofuna kuthetsa vutoli, BASF Coatings idagulitsa makina osindikizira a UV/thermal hybrid.Chifukwa chogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala osakanizidwa ndikuti overspray idzachiritsidwa pamalo omwe si ovuta.Chinthu chofunika kwambiri chochotseratu "porosity pops" ndi kuwonetseredwa kwa mphamvu ya UV, kuonjezera kwambiri kachulukidwe kameneka kameneka kameneka kameneka kameneka kameneka kamene kali pamatope.Ngati chosindikizira sichilandira mphamvu zochepa za UV, zokutira zimadutsabe zofunikira zina zonse.
Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwaukadaulo wamachiritso apawiri pakadali pano kumapereka zida zatsopano zokutira pogwiritsa ntchito machiritso a UV pomwe akupereka chitetezo pakupaka pamtengo wamtengo wapatali.Izi sizimangowonetsa momwe ukadaulo wa UV ungaperekere zida zapadera zokutira, zikuwonetsanso kuti makina otchingira otetezedwa ndi UV amatha kugwira ntchito pamagalimoto amtengo wapatali, okwera kwambiri, akulu komanso ovuta.Chophimba ichi chagwiritsidwa ntchito pamagulu pafupifupi miliyoni imodzi.
OEM Clearcoat
Mosakayikira, gawo la msika waukadaulo wa UV lomwe limawoneka bwino kwambiri ndi zokutira zamagalimoto akunja a Gulu A.Ford Motor Company inawonetsa luso la UV pa galimoto yachitsanzo, galimoto ya Concept U, pa North American International Auto Show mu 2003. Ukadaulo wokutira womwe unawonetsedwa unali chovala choyeretsedwa ndi UV, chopangidwa ndi kuperekedwa ndi Akzo Nobel Coatings.Chophimba ichi chinagwiritsidwa ntchito ndikuchizidwa pamagulu a thupi omwe amapangidwa kuchokera ku zipangizo zosiyanasiyana.
Ku Surcar, msonkhano woyamba wapadziko lonse wa zokutira zamagalimoto womwe umachitika chaka chilichonse ku France, onse a DuPont Performance Coatings ndi BASF adapereka maulaliki mu 2001 ndi 2003 paukadaulo wochiritsa UV wa malaya owoneka bwino agalimoto.Dalaivala wachitukukochi ndikuwongolera vuto lalikulu lokhutiritsa makasitomala pa utoto - kukanda ndi kukana.Makampani onsewa apanga zokutira za hybrid-cure (UV & thermal).Cholinga chotsata njira yaukadaulo wosakanizidwa ndikuchepetsa zovuta zamachitidwe ochiritsa a UV ndikukwaniritsa zomwe mukufuna kuchita.
DuPont ndi BASF ayika mizere yoyendetsa ndege kumalo awo.Mzere wa DuPont ku Wuppertal umatha kuchiritsa matupi athunthu.Sikuti makampani opanga zokutira amayenera kuwonetsa bwino zokutira, akuyeneranso kuwonetsa njira yothetsera utoto.Ubwino wina wa kuchiritsa kwa UV/thermal wotchulidwa ndi DuPont ndikuti kutalika kwa gawo loyera la mzere womaliza kumatha kuchepetsedwa ndi 50% ndikungochepetsa kutalika kwa uvuni wotentha.
Kuchokera kumbali ya uinjiniya, Dürr System GmbH idapereka upangiri pa lingaliro la chomera chopangira machiritso a UV.Chimodzi mwazofunikira kwambiri pamalingaliro awa chinali malo omwe amachiritsa ma UV pamzere womaliza.Mayankho opangidwa mwaluso adaphatikizapo kupeza nyali za UV musanayambe, mkati kapena pambuyo pa uvuni wotentha.Dürr akuwona kuti pali njira zopangira uinjiniya pazosankha zambiri zokhudzana ndi mapangidwe apano omwe akupangidwa.Fusion UV Systems idaperekanso chida chatsopano - chofananira chapakompyuta cha njira yochiritsira UV pamatupi amagalimoto.Izi zidapangidwa kuti zithandizire ndikufulumizitsa kugwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wochiritsa wa UV m'mafakitale ophatikizira.
Mapulogalamu Ena
Ntchito yachitukuko ikupitilira zokutira zapulasitiki zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mkati mwagalimoto, zokutira zamawilo aloyi ndi zovundikira magudumu, malaya owoneka bwino pazigawo zazikulu zoumbidwa ndi mitundu yapansi.Njira ya UV ikupitilizabe kutsimikiziridwa ngati nsanja yochiritsira yokhazikika.Zomwe zikusintha kwenikweni ndikuti zokutira za UV zikusunthira kuzinthu zovuta kwambiri, zamtengo wapatali.Kukhazikika ndi kuthekera kwanthawi yayitali kwa njirayi kwawonetsedwa ndi ntchito yowunikira kutsogolo.Zinayamba zaka 20 zapitazo ndipo tsopano ndi muyezo wamakampani.
Ngakhale ukadaulo wa UV uli ndi zomwe ena amaona kuti ndi "zozizira", zomwe makampani akufuna kuchita ndiukadaulowu ndikupereka njira zabwino zothetsera mavuto a omaliza.Palibe amene amagwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo chifukwa chaukadaulo.Iyenera kupereka mtengo.Mtengo ukhoza kubwera mu mawonekedwe a zokolola zabwino zokhudzana ndi kuthamanga kwa machiritso.Kapena zitha kuchokera kuzinthu zabwinoko kapena zatsopano zomwe simunathe kuzikwaniritsa ndi matekinoloje apano.Itha kubwera kuchokera kumtundu wapamwamba woyamba chifukwa zokutira ndizotseguka kuti zidetse kwa nthawi yocheperako.Itha kukupatsirani njira yochepetsera kapena kuchotsa VOC pamalo anu.Zipangizo zamakono zimatha kupereka mtengo.Makampani opanga ma UV ndi omaliza ayenera kupitiliza kugwirira ntchito limodzi kuti apange mayankho omwe amathandizira omaliza.
Nthawi yotumiza: Mar-14-2023
