Ndi Lawrence (Larry) Van Iseghem ndi Purezidenti/CEO wa Van Technologies, Inc.
Pa nthawi yonse yochita bizinesi ndi makasitomala amakampani padziko lonse lapansi, tayankha mafunso ambiri ndipo tapereka mayankho ambiri okhudzana ndi zokutira za UV zomwe zimachiritsidwa. Mafunso omwe akubwerawa ndi ena mwa mafunso omwe amapezeka kawirikawiri, ndipo mayankho omwe ali pansipa angapereke chidziwitso chothandiza.
1. Kodi zophimba zomwe zimachiritsidwa ndi UV ndi chiyani?
Mu makampani omalizitsa matabwa, pali mitundu itatu ikuluikulu ya zokutira zomwe zimachiritsidwa ndi UV.
Zophimba za UV zogwira ntchito 100% (nthawi zina zimatchedwa 100% zolimba) ndi zinthu zopangidwa ndi madzi zomwe sizili ndi solvent kapena madzi. Zikagwiritsidwa ntchito, zophimbazo zimakumana ndi mphamvu ya UV popanda kufunikira kuuma kapena kusungunuka zisanatsukidwe. Zopangirazo zimagwira ntchito popanga gawo lolimba pamwamba kudzera mu njira yodziwikiratu yomwe imatchedwa photopolymerization. Popeza palibe kufunikira kwa nthunzi musanatsukidwe, njira yogwiritsira ntchito ndi kutsukidwa ndi yothandiza kwambiri komanso yotsika mtengo.
Zophimba za UV zoyendetsedwa ndi madzi kapena zosungunuka zosakanikirana ndi zosungunuka mwachionekere zimakhala ndi madzi kapena zosungunulira kuti zichepetse kuchuluka kwa ntchito (kapena kolimba). Kuchepa kwa kuchuluka kwa zinthu zolimba kumeneku kumapangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta kuwongolera makulidwe a filimu yonyowa, komanso/kapena kuwongolera kukhuthala kwa chophimbacho. Pogwiritsidwa ntchito, zophimba za UV izi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pamwamba pa matabwa kudzera m'njira zosiyanasiyana ndipo ziyenera kuumitsidwa kwathunthu UV isanachotsedwe.
Zophimba za ufa zomwe zimachiritsidwa ndi UV zimakhala zolimba 100% ndipo nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuzinthu zoyendetsera mpweya kudzera mu mphamvu yamagetsi. Zikagwiritsidwa ntchito, gawo lapansi limatenthedwa kuti lisungunuke ufawo, womwe umatuluka kuti upange filimu ya pamwamba. Gawo lapansi lophimbidwa limatha kuyikidwa nthawi yomweyo ku mphamvu ya UV kuti lichiritsidwe mosavuta. Filimu ya pamwamba yomwe imachokera siilinso yosinthika kutentha kapena yoyamwa.
Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zophimba izi zomwe zimachiritsidwa ndi UV zomwe zili ndi njira yachiwiri yochiritsira (yoyatsidwa ndi kutentha, yolimbana ndi chinyezi, ndi zina zotero) zomwe zingapereke chithandizo m'malo omwe sakhudzidwa ndi mphamvu ya UV. Zophimba izi nthawi zambiri zimatchedwa zophimba ziwiri.
Mosasamala kanthu za mtundu wa utoto wothira ndi UV womwe wagwiritsidwa ntchito, kumalizidwa kwa pamwamba kapena gawo lomaliza kumapereka ubwino wapadera, kulimba komanso mphamvu zotsutsa.
2. Kodi zophimba zochizira ndi UV zimamatira bwanji ku mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya matabwa, kuphatikizapo mitundu ya matabwa amafuta?
Zophimba zomwe zimachiritsidwa ndi UV zimakhala zolimba kwambiri ku mitundu yambiri ya matabwa. Ndikofunikira kuonetsetsa kuti pali njira zokwanira zophikira kuti ziperekedwe kudzera mu kuchiritsa ndi kumamatira kofanana ndi pansi.
Pali mitundu ina yomwe mwachibadwa imakhala ndi mafuta ambiri ndipo ingafunike kugwiritsa ntchito primer yolimbikitsira kumatira, kapena "tiecoat." Van Technologies yachita kafukufuku wambiri ndi chitukuko pakuphatikiza zomatira za UV-resistant ku mitundu iyi ya matabwa. Zomwe zachitika posachedwapa zikuphatikizapo chosindikizira chimodzi chomatira cha UV-resistant chomwe chimaletsa mafuta, madzi ndi phula kuti zisasokoneze kumatira kwa UV-resistant topcoat.
Kapenanso, mafuta omwe ali pamwamba pa matabwa amatha kuchotsedwa nthawi yomweyo asanapake utoto popukuta ndi acetone kapena chosungunulira china choyenera. Nsalu yopanda ulusi, yonyowa imanyowa kaye ndi chosungunulira kenako n’kupukuta pamwamba pa matabwa. Pamwamba pake paloledwa kuti paume kenako n’kupaka utoto wochiritsika ndi UV. Kuchotsa mafuta pamwamba ndi zinthu zina zodetsa kumalimbikitsa kuti utoto wogwiritsidwa ntchitowo ugwirizane ndi pamwamba pa matabwa.
3. Ndi mitundu yanji ya madontho yomwe imagwirizana ndi utoto wa UV?
Madontho aliwonse omwe afotokozedwa pano akhoza kutsekedwa bwino ndikupakidwa pamwamba ndi makina a ufa opangidwa ndi UV ochiritsika, UV yochepetsedwa mphamvu, UV yothira madzi, kapena UV yothira. Chifukwa chake, pali mitundu ingapo yothandiza yomwe imapangitsa kuti madontho ambiri pamsika akhale oyenera kukutira kulikonse komwe kungachiritsidwe ndi UV. Komabe, pali zinthu zina zofunika kuziganizira kuti zitsimikizire kuti matabwa abwino akugwirizana ndi pamwamba pa matabwa.
Mabala Omwe Amayatsidwa ndi Madzi ndi Mabala Omwe Amachira ndi UV:Mukapaka zophimba/zophimba za UV zochiritsika ndi UV zochepetsedwa mphamvu kapena zochiritsika ndi UV pa madontho otuluka m'madzi, ndikofunikira kuti madonthowo akhale ouma mokwanira kuti apewe zolakwika pakuphimba, kuphatikizapo khungu la lalanje, maso a nsomba, ma cratering, pooling ndi dziwe. Zolakwika zotere zimachitika chifukwa cha kupsinjika kochepa kwa pamwamba pa zophimba zomwe zagwiritsidwa ntchito poyerekeza ndi kupsinjika kwakukulu kwa madzi komwe kwatsalira kuchokera ku madontho ogwiritsidwa ntchito.
Komabe, kugwiritsa ntchito utoto wothira madzi womwe umachiritsa UV nthawi zambiri kumakhala kothandiza kwambiri. Utoto wothira madziwo ukhoza kukhala ndi chinyezi popanda zotsatirapo zoyipa mukamagwiritsa ntchito zotsekera/zophimba zina zomwe zimachiritsa UV. Chinyezi chotsalira kapena madzi ochokera ku utotowo amatha kufalikira mosavuta kudzera mu chotsekera/zophimba madzi zomwe zimachiritsa UV panthawi yowuma. Komabe, tikukulangizani kwambiri kuyesa kuphatikiza utoto uliwonse ndi chotseka/zophimba pamwamba pa chitsanzo choyimira musanagwiritse ntchito pamwamba pake kuti mumalize.
Madontho Ochokera ku Mafuta ndi Zosungunulira:Ngakhale kuti pakhoza kukhala njira yomwe ingagwiritsidwe ntchito pa madontho ouma osakwanira ochokera ku mafuta kapena osungunuka, nthawi zambiri zimakhala zofunikira, ndipo zimalimbikitsidwa kwambiri, kuti ziume bwino madonthowa musanagwiritse ntchito sealer/topcoat iliyonse. Madontho ouma pang'onopang'ono amtunduwu angatenge maola 24 mpaka 48 (kapena kupitirira apo) kuti ziume bwino. Apanso, kuyesa njirayo pamtengo wofanana ndi womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi ena ndikofunika.
Mabala 100% Ochiritsika ndi UV:Kawirikawiri, zophimba 100% zochiritsira UV zimakhala ndi mphamvu zambiri za mankhwala ndi madzi zikachira kwathunthu. Kukana kumeneku kumapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kuti zophimba zomwe zagwiritsidwa ntchito pambuyo pake zigwirizane bwino pokhapokha ngati pamwamba pake pochiritsidwa ndi UV pakhala pothira mokwanira kuti zilole kuti pakhale kulumikizana kwa makina. Ngakhale kuti zophimba 100% zochiritsira UV zomwe zapangidwa kuti zigwirizane ndi zophimba zomwe zagwiritsidwa ntchito pambuyo pake zimaperekedwa, zophimba zambiri zomwe zimachiritsira UV ziyenera kuchotsedwa kapena kuchiritsidwa pang'ono (zotchedwa "B" stage kapena bump curing) kuti zilimbikitse kumatirirana kwa intercoat. Kumatirira kwa "B" kumapangitsa kuti malo otsala azitha kuchira mu gawo la utoto lomwe lidzagwirizana ndi zophimba zomwe zagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi UV pamene zikuchiritsidwa kwathunthu. Kumatirira kwa "B" kumathandizanso kuti kuchotsedwe pang'ono kuti kuchepetse kapena kudula kukwera kulikonse kwa tirigu komwe kungachitike chifukwa cha kutayira. Kumatirira kosalala kapena kugwiritsa ntchito topcoat kumabweretsa kumatirirana kwabwino kwambiri kwa intercoat.
Vuto lina ndi madontho a UV 100% omwe amachiritsidwa ndi UV ndi la mitundu yakuda. Madontho a utoto wambiri (ndi zophimba za utoto wonse) amagwira ntchito bwino pogwiritsa ntchito nyali za UV zomwe zimapereka mphamvu pafupi ndi kuwala kowoneka bwino. Nyali za UV zachizolowezi zophatikizidwa ndi gallium pamodzi ndi nyali za mercury wamba ndi chisankho chabwino kwambiri. Nyali za UV LED zomwe zimatulutsa 395 nm ndi/kapena 405 nm zimagwira ntchito bwino ndi makina a utoto poyerekeza ndi 365 nm ndi 385 nm arrays. Kuphatikiza apo, makina a nyali za UV omwe amapereka mphamvu zambiri za UV (mW/cm2).2) ndi kuchuluka kwa mphamvu (mJ/cm2) zimathandiza kuti khungu lizichira bwino pogwiritsa ntchito utoto wopaka kapena utoto wopaka utoto.
Pomaliza, monga momwe zilili ndi njira zina zoyeretsera utoto zomwe zatchulidwa pamwambapa, kuyezetsa kumalimbikitsidwa musanagwiritse ntchito malo enieni omwe akuyenera kupakidwa utoto ndikumalizidwa. Onetsetsani kuti mwakonza musanachire!
4. Kodi filimu yopangidwa bwino kwambiri/yocheperako yopangira zokutira za UV 100% ndi iti?
Zophimba za ufa zomwe zimachiritsidwa ndi UV kwenikweni ndi zophimba 100% zomwe zimachiritsidwa ndi UV, ndipo makulidwe awo amachepetsedwa ndi mphamvu zamagetsi zomwe zimamangirira ufawo pamwamba pake. Ndi bwino kufunsa upangiri kwa wopanga zophimba za ufa wa UV.
Ponena za zokutira zamadzimadzi 100% za UV zomwe zimachiritsidwa, makulidwe a filimu yonyowa omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito amabweretsa makulidwe ofanana a filimu youma pambuyo pa kuchiritsidwa kwa UV. Kuchepa kwina sikungapeweke koma nthawi zambiri kumakhala kochepa. Komabe, pali ntchito zaukadaulo kwambiri zomwe zimafotokozera kulekerera kwa makulidwe a filimu yolimba kwambiri kapena yopapatiza. Muzochitika izi, kuyeza filimu yochiritsidwa mwachindunji kumatha kuchitika kuti kugwirizane ndi makulidwe a filimu yonyowa ndi youma.
Kukhuthala komaliza komwe kungatheke kudzadalira kapangidwe kake ka utoto wothira wa UV ndi momwe umapangidwira. Pali makina omwe alipo omwe amapangidwira kuti apereke ma depositi opyapyala kwambiri a filimu pakati pa 0.2 mil - 0.5 mil (5µ - 15µ) ndi ena omwe angapereke makulidwe opitilira 0.5 mainchesi (12 mm). Kawirikawiri, utoto wothira wa UV womwe uli ndi makulidwe apamwamba a cross-link, monga ma formula ena a urethane acrylate, sungathe kukhala makulidwe apamwamba a filimu mu gawo limodzi lokha logwiritsidwa ntchito. Mlingo wa kuchepa kwa utoto ukagwiritsidwa ntchito udzayambitsa ming'alu yayikulu ya utoto wothira. Kukhuthala kwakukulu kapena komaliza kumatha kuchitika pogwiritsa ntchito utoto wothira wa UV wokhala ndi makulidwe apamwamba a cross-link poyika zigawo zingapo zoonda komanso kuyika mchenga ndi/kapena "B" pakati pa gawo lililonse kuti mulimbikitse kuphatikana kwa intercoat.
Njira yochiritsira yochiritsira ya zophimba zambiri zochiritsira za UV imatchedwa "free radical initiated." Njira yochiritsira yochiritsira iyi imakhudzidwa ndi mpweya mumlengalenga womwe umachepetsa kapena kuletsa liwiro la kuchira. Kuchepetsa kumeneku nthawi zambiri kumatchedwa kuletsa mpweya ndipo ndikofunikira kwambiri poyesa kupeza makulidwe owonda kwambiri a filimu. Mu mafilimu owonda, malo okwana pamwamba pa kuchuluka konse kwa zophimba zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi okwera poyerekeza ndi makulidwe okhuthala a filimu. Chifukwa chake, makulidwe owonda a filimu amakhala osavuta kukhudzidwa ndi kuletsa mpweya ndipo amachira pang'onopang'ono. Nthawi zambiri, pamwamba pa chimalizirocho sipamakhala bwino ndipo pamakhala mafuta/mafuta. Pofuna kuthana ndi kuletsa mpweya, mpweya wopanda mpweya monga nayitrogeni ndi carbon dioxide zimatha kuperekedwa pamwamba panthawi yochiritsira kuti zichotse kuchuluka kwa mpweya, motero zimathandiza kuchira kwathunthu komanso mwachangu.
5. Kodi utoto wa UV wowonekera bwino umaonekera bwanji?
Zophimba 100% zophimbidwa ndi UV zimatha kuwonetsa kumveka bwino kwambiri ndipo zidzapikisana ndi zophimba zabwino kwambiri mumakampani. Kuphatikiza apo, zikagwiritsidwa ntchito pamatabwa, zimabweretsa kukongola kwakukulu komanso kuzama kwa chithunzi. Chosangalatsa kwambiri ndi machitidwe osiyanasiyana a aliphatic urethane acrylate omwe amakhala omveka bwino komanso opanda mtundu akagwiritsidwa ntchito pamalo osiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza matabwa. Kuphatikiza apo, zophimba za aliphatic polyurethane acrylate zimakhala zokhazikika kwambiri ndipo zimapewa kusintha kwa mtundu pakapita nthawi. Ndikofunikira kunena kuti zophimba zopepuka zimafalitsa kuwala kwambiri kuposa zophimba zonyezimira ndipo motero zimakhala ndi kumveka kochepa. Komabe, poyerekeza ndi mankhwala ena ophikira, zophimba 100% zophimbidwa ndi UV ndizofanana ngati sizili bwino.
Zophimba zophikira zogwiritsidwa ntchito m'madzi ndi UV zomwe zilipo panthawiyi zitha kupangidwa kuti zipereke kumveka bwino, kutentha kwa matabwa komanso kuyankha motsutsana ndi njira zabwino kwambiri zomaliza. Kumveka bwino, kunyezimira, kuyankha kwa matabwa ndi zina zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zophimba zophikira zogwiritsidwa ntchito m'madzi zomwe zilipo pamsika masiku ano ndi zabwino kwambiri zikachokera kwa opanga abwino.
6. Kodi pali zophimba za UV zopaka utoto kapena zochiritsika?
Inde, zophimba zamitundu yosiyanasiyana kapena zofiirira zimapezeka mosavuta mu mitundu yonse ya zophimba za UV zomwe zimachiritsidwa koma pali zinthu zofunika kuziganizira kuti mupeze zotsatira zabwino kwambiri. Choyamba komanso chofunikira kwambiri ndichakuti mitundu ina imasokoneza mphamvu ya UV yolowetsa, kapena kulowa, zophimba za UV zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Sipekitiramu yamagetsi ikuwonetsedwa mu Chithunzi 1, ndipo zitha kuwoneka kuti sipekitiramu yowala yowoneka bwino ili pafupi ndi sipekitiramu ya UV. Sipekitiramu ndi yopitilira yopanda mizere yomveka bwino (mafunde) a malire. Chifukwa chake, dera lina limasakanikirana pang'onopang'ono kukhala dera lapafupi. Poganizira dera la kuwala looneka, pali zonena zasayansi zina zoti limayambira 400 nm mpaka 780 nm, pomwe zonena zina zimati limayambira 350 nm mpaka 800 nm. Pakukambirana uku, ndikofunikira kuzindikira kuti mitundu ina imatha kuletsa kufalikira kwa mafunde ena a UV kapena ma radiation.
Popeza cholinga chachikulu chili pa kutalika kwa mafunde a UV kapena dera la ma radiation, tiyeni tifufuze chigawo chimenecho mwatsatanetsatane. Chithunzi chachiwiri chikuwonetsa ubale pakati pa kutalika kwa mafunde a kuwala kooneka ndi mtundu wofanana womwe umathandiza kutseka kuwalako. Ndikofunikanso kudziwa kuti mitundu nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi mafunde osiyanasiyana kotero kuti mtundu wofiira ukhoza kukhala ndi mafunde ambiri kotero kuti ukhoza kulowa pang'ono m'dera la UVA. Chifukwa chake, mitundu yofunika kwambiri idzafika pamtundu wachikasu - lalanje - wofiira ndipo mitundu iyi ingasokoneze kuchira kogwira mtima.
Sikuti zopaka utoto zokha zimasokoneza kuuma kwa UV, komanso ndi zofunika kuziganizira mukamagwiritsa ntchito zopaka zoyera zokhala ndi utoto, monga zoyambira za UV ndi utoto wa topcoat. Taganizirani kuchuluka kwa kuyamwa kwa titanium dioxide (TiO2) yoyera, monga momwe zasonyezedwera pachithunzi 3. TiO2 imayamwa kwambiri m'dera lonse la UV koma, zopaka zoyera, zomwe zimatha kuchiritsidwa ndi UV zimachiritsidwa bwino. Motani? Yankho lake lili mu kapangidwe kosamala ka wopanga ndi wopanga zopaka utoto mogwirizana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito nyali zoyenera za UV kuti zichiritsidwe. Nyali za UV zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri zimatulutsa mphamvu monga momwe zasonyezedwera pachithunzi 4.
Nyali iliyonse yomwe yawonetsedwa imachokera ku mercury, koma poika mercury mu mercury ndi chinthu china chachitsulo, mpweya wotuluka umatha kusamukira kumadera ena a wavelength. Pankhani ya zokutira zoyera, zoyera, zochiritsika ndi UV zochokera ku TiO2, mphamvu yoperekedwa ndi nyali yodziwika bwino ya mercury idzatsekedwa bwino. Ma wavelength ena apamwamba omwe aperekedwa angapereke chithandizo koma nthawi yomwe imafunika kuti ikonzedwe mokwanira singakhale yothandiza. Komabe, poika gallium mu nyali ya mercury, pali mphamvu zambiri zomwe zimathandiza m'dera lomwe silinatsekedwe bwino ndi TiO2. Kugwiritsa ntchito mitundu yonse iwiri ya nyali, kudzera mu cure (pogwiritsa ntchito gallium doped) ndi surface cure (pogwiritsa ntchito standard mercury) kungatheke (Chithunzi 5).
Pomaliza, zophimba za UV zokhala ndi utoto kapena utoto ziyenera kupangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito ma photoinitiators abwino kwambiri kuti mphamvu ya UV - kuchuluka kwa mafunde a kuwala kooneka komwe kumabwera ndi nyali - zigwiritsidwe ntchito moyenera kuti zichiritsidwe bwino.
Mafunso Ena?
Ponena za mafunso aliwonse omwe angabuke, musazengereze kufunsa kampani yomwe ikupereka zophimba, zida ndi makina owongolera njira zogwirira ntchito. Mayankho abwino alipo kuti athandize kupanga zisankho zogwira mtima, zotetezeka komanso zopindulitsa.
Lawrence (Larry) Van Iseghem ndi purezidenti/CEO wa Van Technologies, Inc. Van Technologies ali ndi zaka zoposa 30 zokumana nazo mu zophimba zochiritsika ndi UV, kuyambira ngati kampani yofufuza ndi chitukuko koma adasintha mwachangu kukhala wopanga Application Specific Advanced Coatings™ wotumikira malo opangira zophimba mafakitale padziko lonse lapansi. Zophimba zochiritsika ndi UV nthawi zonse zakhala cholinga chachikulu, pamodzi ndi ukadaulo wina wa "Green", womwe umagogomezera magwiridwe antchito ofanana kapena opitilira ukadaulo wamba. Van Technologies imapanga mtundu wa zophimba zamakampani wa GreenLight Coatings™ malinga ndi njira yoyendetsera bwino yotsimikizika ya ISO-9001:2015. Kuti mudziwe zambiri, pitani kuwww.greenlightcoatings.com.
Nthawi yotumizira: Julayi-22-2023
