lolembedwa ndi Michael Kelly, Allied PhotoChemical, ndi David Hagood, Finishing Technology Solutions
Tangoganizirani kukhala ndi mphamvu yochotsa pafupifupi ma VOC onse (Volatile Organic Compounds) mu njira yopangira mapaipi ndi machubu, zomwe zimafanana ndi ma VOC okwana mapaundi 10,000 pachaka. Tangoganiziraninso kupanga mofulumira kwambiri ndi mphamvu zambiri komanso mtengo wotsika pa gawo lililonse / phazi lolunjika.
Njira zopangira zinthu zokhazikika ndizofunikira kwambiri kuti pakhale kupanga zinthu kogwira mtima komanso kokongola pamsika waku North America. Kukhazikika kungayesedwe m'njira zosiyanasiyana:
Kuchepetsa VOC
Kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zochepa
Ogwira ntchito okonzedwa bwino
Kupanga zinthu mwachangu (zambiri ndi zochepa)
Kugwiritsa ntchito bwino ndalama
Kuphatikiza apo, kuphatikiza kwakukulu kwa zomwe zili pamwambapa
Posachedwapa, kampani yotsogola yopanga machubu yakhazikitsa njira yatsopano yogwiritsira ntchito kupaka utoto. Mapulatifomu akale opangira utoto anali opangidwa ndi madzi, omwe ali ndi ma VOC ambiri ndipo amatha kuyakanso. Pulatifomu yokhazikika yopaka utoto yomwe idakhazikitsidwa inali ukadaulo wa 100% wa ultraviolet (UV). M'nkhaniyi, vuto loyamba la kasitomala, njira yopaka utoto wa UV, kusintha kwa njira yonse, kusunga ndalama ndi kuchepetsa VOC zafotokozedwa mwachidule.
Ntchito Zophimba Ma Tube Kupanga
Wopangayo anali kugwiritsa ntchito njira yopaka utoto pogwiritsa ntchito madzi yomwe inasiya chisokonezo, monga momwe zasonyezedwera mu Zithunzi 1a ndi 1b. Njirayi sinangopangitsa kuti zinthu zopaka utoto ziwonongeke, komanso inapanga ngozi yowononga pansi pa sitolo yomwe inawonjezera kukhudzana ndi VOC komanso kuopsa kwa moto. Kuphatikiza apo, kasitomala amafuna kuti utoto ukhale wabwino poyerekeza ndi ntchito yopaka utoto pogwiritsa ntchito madzi yomwe ikuchitika panopa.
Ngakhale akatswiri ambiri amakampani amayerekezera mwachindunji zophimba zochokera m'madzi ndi zophimba za UV, izi si kufananiza kwenikweni ndipo zitha kusokeretsa. Zophimba zenizeni za UV ndi gawo limodzi la njira zophimba za UV.
Chithunzi 1. Njira yogwirira ntchito polojekiti
UV ndi Njira
UV ndi njira yomwe imapereka ubwino waukulu pa chilengedwe, kusintha kwa njira zonse, magwiridwe antchito abwino azinthu, komanso, inde, kusunga chophimba cha phazi lililonse. Kuti mugwiritse ntchito bwino pulojekiti yophimba UV, UV iyenera kuonedwa ngati njira yokhala ndi zigawo zitatu zazikulu - 1) kasitomala, 2) cholumikizira cha UV ndi zida zochiritsira ndi 3) mnzake waukadaulo wophimba.
Zonsezi zitatu ndizofunikira kwambiri pakukonzekera bwino ndikugwiritsa ntchito njira yopangira utoto wa UV. Chifukwa chake, tiyeni tiwone momwe polojekiti yonse ikuyendera (Chithunzi 1). Nthawi zambiri, khama ili limatsogozedwa ndi mnzake waukadaulo wopangira utoto wa UV.
Chofunika kwambiri pa ntchito iliyonse yopambana ndikukhala ndi njira zomveka bwino zogwirira ntchito, zokhala ndi kusinthasintha komangidwa mkati komanso kuthekera kosintha malinga ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya makasitomala ndi ntchito zawo. Magawo asanu ndi awiriwa ogwirira ntchito ndi maziko a ntchito yopambana ndi kasitomala: 1) kukambirana za njira yonse; 2) kukambirana za ROI; 3) kufotokozera za malonda; 4) kufotokozera zonse za njira yonse; 5) mayeso a zitsanzo; 6) RFQ / kufotokozera kwathunthu kwa ntchito; ndi 7) kulankhulana kopitilira.
Magawo ogwirira ntchito awa akhoza kutsatiridwa motsatizana, ena amatha kuchitika nthawi imodzi kapena amatha kusinthana, koma onse ayenera kumalizidwa. Kusinthasintha kumeneku kumapereka mwayi waukulu wopambana kwa ophunzira. Nthawi zina, kungakhale bwino kugwiritsa ntchito katswiri wa njira ya UV ngati chida chokhala ndi chidziwitso chamtengo wapatali mumakampani onse aukadaulo wopaka utoto, koma chofunika kwambiri, chidziwitso champhamvu cha njira ya UV. Katswiriyu amatha kuyang'ana mavuto onse ndikuchita ngati chida chopanda tsankho kuti ayese bwino komanso moyenera ukadaulo wopaka utoto.
Gawo 1. Kukambirana Zonse za Njira
Apa ndi pomwe chidziwitso choyamba chimasinthidwa chokhudza njira yomwe kasitomala akugwiritsa ntchito panopa, ndi tanthauzo lomveka bwino la kapangidwe kake ndi zabwino / zoyipa zomwe zafotokozedwa momveka bwino. Nthawi zambiri, mgwirizano wosawululidwa (NDA) uyenera kukhalapo. Kenako, zolinga zomveka bwino zowongolera njira ziyenera kuzindikirika. Izi zitha kuphatikizapo:
Kukhazikika - Kuchepetsa VOC
Kuchepetsa ntchito ndi kukonza bwino ntchito
Ubwino wabwino
Kuthamanga kwa mzere wokwera
Kuchepetsa malo pansi
Kuwunikanso mtengo wamagetsi
Kusamalira bwino makina ophikira - zida zosinthira, ndi zina zotero.
Kenako, miyezo yeniyeni imafotokozedwa kutengera kusintha kwa njira zomwe zadziwikazi.
Gawo Lachiwiri. Kukambirana za Kubweza Ndalama (ROI)
Ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa ROI ya polojekitiyi poyamba. Ngakhale kuti tsatanetsatane wake suyenera kukhala mulingo womwe ungafunike kuti polojekiti ivomerezedwe, kasitomala ayenera kukhala ndi ndondomeko yomveka bwino ya ndalama zomwe zilipo. Izi ziyenera kuphatikizapo mtengo pa chinthu chilichonse, pa phazi lililonse, ndi zina zotero; ndalama zamagetsi; ndalama za chuma chanzeru (IP); ndalama zabwino; ndalama zoyendetsera ntchito / kukonza; ndalama zokhazikika; ndi mtengo wa ndalama. (Kuti mupeze zowerengera za ROI, onani kumapeto kwa nkhaniyi.)
Gawo 3. Kukambirana za Mafotokozedwe a Zamalonda
Monga momwe zimakhalira ndi chinthu chilichonse chopangidwa masiku ano, zofunikira pa chinthucho zimafotokozedwa mu zokambirana zoyambirira za polojekitiyi. Ponena za kugwiritsa ntchito utoto, zofunikira pa chinthuchi zasintha pakapita nthawi kuti zikwaniritse zosowa za wopanga ndipo nthawi zambiri sizikukwaniritsidwa ndi njira yopangira utoto yomwe kasitomala akugwiritsa ntchito. Timatcha "lero ndi mawa." Ndi njira yolinganiza pakati pa kumvetsetsa zomwe zilipo (zomwe sizingakwaniritsidwe ndi utoto womwe ulipo) ndikufotokozera zosowa zamtsogolo zomwe zili zenizeni (zomwe nthawi zonse zimakhala zofanana).
Gawo 4. Mafotokozedwe Onse a Njira
Chithunzi 2. Kusintha kwa njira zomwe zikupezeka posintha kuchoka pa njira yophikira yochokera m'madzi kupita ku njira yophikira ya UV
Kasitomala ayenera kumvetsetsa bwino ndikufotokozera momwe zinthu zilili panopa, pamodzi ndi zabwino ndi zoyipa za machitidwe omwe alipo. Izi ndizofunikira kuti wogwirizanitsa makina a UV amvetsetse, kotero zinthu zomwe zikuyenda bwino ndi zomwe sizikuyenda bwino zitha kuganiziridwa pakupanga makina atsopano a UV. Apa ndi pomwe njira ya UV imapereka zabwino zazikulu zomwe zingaphatikizepo kuwonjezeka kwa liwiro la zokutira, kuchepa kwa malo ofunikira pansi, komanso kuchepetsa kutentha ndi chinyezi (onani Chithunzi 2). Ulendo wogwirizana ku malo opangira makasitomala ndi wolimbikitsidwa kwambiri ndipo umapereka njira yabwino yomvetsetsa zosowa ndi zofunikira za kasitomala.
Gawo 5. Chiwonetsero ndi Kuthamanga kwa Mayeso
Kasitomala ndi wogwirizanitsa makina a UV ayeneranso kupita ku malo ogulitsa zinthu zopaka utoto kuti aliyense athe kutenga nawo mbali pa kuyerekezera njira yopaka utoto wa UV ya kasitomala. Panthawiyi, malingaliro ndi malingaliro ambiri atsopano adzawonekera pamene zochitika zotsatirazi zikuchitika:
Kuyeserera, zitsanzo ndi mayeso
Kuyesa zinthu zophikira zopikisana
Unikani njira zabwino kwambiri
Unikani njira zotsimikizira zaubwino
Kumanani ndi ophatikiza UV
Pangani dongosolo la zochita mwatsatanetsatane mtsogolo
Gawo 6. RFQ / Kufotokozera kwa Pulojekiti Yonse
Chikalata cha RFQ cha kasitomala chiyenera kukhala ndi mfundo zonse zofunikira komanso zofunikira pa ntchito yatsopano yophimba UV monga momwe zafotokozedwera mu zokambirana za ndondomekoyi. Chikalatacho chiyenera kukhala ndi njira zabwino kwambiri zomwe kampani yaukadaulo yophimba UV yapeza, zomwe zingaphatikizepo kutenthetsa chophimbacho pogwiritsa ntchito makina otentha opangidwa ndi madzi mpaka kumapeto kwa mfuti; kutentha ndi kugwedezeka kwa tote; ndi masikelo oyezera kuchuluka kwa utoto womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Gawo 7. Kulankhulana Kosalekeza
Njira yolankhulirana pakati pa makasitomala, ogwirizanitsa UV ndi kampani yophimba UV ndi yofunika kwambiri ndipo iyenera kulimbikitsidwa. Ukadaulo masiku ano umapangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta kukonza nthawi ndikuchita nawo mafoni anthawi zonse a Zoom / amisonkhano. Sipayenera kukhala zodabwitsa pamene zida kapena makina a UV akuyikidwa.
Zotsatira Zomwe Zapezeka ndi Wopanga Mapaipi
Gawo lofunika kwambiri poganizira pa ntchito iliyonse yophimba UV ndi kusunga ndalama zonse. Pankhaniyi, wopanga adasunga ndalama m'magawo angapo, kuphatikizapo ndalama zamagetsi, ndalama zogwirira ntchito, ndi zophimba zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Mtengo wa Mphamvu - UV yoyendetsedwa ndi microwave vs. Kutentha kwa Induction
Mu makina ophikira okhala ndi madzi, pamafunika kutentha kwa chubu chisanayambike kapena chitatha. Ma heater ophikira amakhala okwera mtengo, amagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zambiri ndipo amatha kukhala ndi mavuto akuluakulu okonza. Kuphatikiza apo, yankho lochokera m'madzi limafunikira kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ya heater yophikira yokhala ndi 200 kw poyerekeza ndi 90 kw yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi nyali za UV za microwave.
Gome 1. Kusunga ndalama zopitilira 100 kw / ola pogwiritsa ntchito makina a UV a maikulowevu a nyali 10 poyerekeza ndi makina otenthetsera opangidwa ndi induction
Monga taonera mu Table 1, wopanga mapaipi adasunga ndalama zopitilira 100 kw pa ola limodzi atagwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wa UV, komanso adachepetsa ndalama zamagetsi ndi zoposa $71,000 pachaka.
Chithunzi 3. Chithunzi cha ndalama zosungira magetsi pachaka
Kusunga ndalama pakugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zochepa kumeneku kunayerekezeredwa kutengera mtengo wamagetsi womwe ukuyembekezeka kufika pa masenti 14.33/kWh. Kuchepetsa kwa mphamvu yamagetsi ya 100 kw/ola, komwe kunawerengedwa pa ma shift awiri kwa masabata 50 pachaka (masiku asanu pa sabata, maola 20 pa shift iliyonse), kumabweretsa ndalama zokwana $71,650 monga momwe zasonyezedwera mu Chithunzi 3.
Kuchepetsa Mtengo wa Ntchito - Ogwira Ntchito ndi Kukonza
Pamene makampani opanga zinthu akupitiriza kuwunika ndalama zomwe amagwiritsa ntchito, njira ya UV imapereka ndalama zapadera zokhudzana ndi maola ogwira ntchito ndi okonza. Ndi zokutira zochokera m'madzi, zokutira zonyowa zimatha kuuma pansi pa zida zogwirira ntchito, zomwe pamapeto pake ziyenera kuchotsedwa.
Ogwira ntchito ku fakitale yopanga zinthu ankagwiritsa ntchito maola 28 pa sabata kuchotsa/kuyeretsa utoto wopangidwa ndi madzi kuchokera ku zipangizo zake zogwirira ntchito.
Kuwonjezera pa kusunga ndalama (pafupifupi maola 28 ogwira ntchito x $36 [ndalama zolemetsa] pa ola = $1,008.00 pa sabata kapena $50,400 pachaka), zofunikira pa ntchito zakuthupi kwa ogwira ntchito zitha kukhala zokhumudwitsa, zowononga nthawi komanso zoopsa kwambiri.
Kasitomala adafuna kuyeretsa chophimba pa kotala iliyonse, ndi ndalama zogwirira ntchito zokwana $1,900 pa kotala iliyonse, kuphatikiza ndalama zochotsera chophimba zomwe zidagwiritsidwa ntchito, zomwe zidakwana $2,500. Ndalama zonse zomwe zidasungidwa pachaka zinali $10,000.
Kusunga Zophimba - Zochokera ku Madzi poyerekeza ndi UV
Kupanga mapaipi pamalo ogulira makasitomala kunali matani 12,000 pamwezi a mapaipi a mainchesi 9.625. Mwachidule, izi zikufanana ndi mapazi olunjika pafupifupi 570,000 / ~ zidutswa 12,700. Njira yogwiritsira ntchito ukadaulo watsopano wa UV wokutira utoto inaphatikizapo mfuti zopopera zamphamvu/zotsika zomwe zimakhala ndi makulidwe a 1.5 mils. Kukonza utoto kunachitika pogwiritsa ntchito nyali za Heraeus UV microwave. Kusunga ndalama zophikira utoto ndi ndalama zoyendera/zogwirira ntchito mkati mwa makinawo zafotokozedwa mwachidule mu Matebulo 2 ndi 3.
Gome 2. Kuyerekeza mtengo wa kupaka utoto - UV vs. kupaka utoto wochokera ku madzi pa phazi lililonse
Gome 3. Ndalama zowonjezera kuchokera ku ndalama zochepa zoyendera komanso kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu pamalopo
Kuphatikiza apo, zinthu zina zosungira ndalama ndi ntchito komanso kupanga bwino zitha kuchitika.
Zophimba za UV zimatha kubwezeretsedwanso (zophimba zamadzi sizili choncho), zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ntchito ikhale yogwira ntchito bwino ndi 96%.
Ogwiritsa ntchito amawononga nthawi yochepa akuyeretsa ndi kukonza zida zogwiritsira ntchito chifukwa chophimba cha UV sichiuma pokhapokha ngati chili ndi mphamvu ya UV yamphamvu kwambiri.
Liwiro la kupanga ndi lachangu, ndipo kasitomala ali ndi kuthekera kowonjezera liwiro la kupanga kuchokera pa mapazi 100 pamphindi kufika pa mapazi 150 pamphindi - kuwonjezeka kwa 50%.
Zipangizo zoyeretsera UV nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi njira yoyeretsera mkati, yomwe imatsatiridwa ndi kukonzedwa ndi maola ogwirira ntchito. Izi zitha kusinthidwa malinga ndi zosowa za kasitomala, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pasakhale anthu ambiri ofunikira pakuyeretsa makina.
Mu chitsanzo ichi, kasitomala adapeza ndalama zosungira $1,277,400 pachaka.
Kuchepetsa VOC
Kugwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wa UV coating kunachepetsanso ma VOC, monga momwe taonera pa Chithunzi 4.
Chithunzi 4. Kuchepa kwa VOC chifukwa cha kugwiritsa ntchito utoto wa UV
Mapeto
Ukadaulo wa zokutira za UV umalola opanga mapaipi kuchotsa ma VOC m'machitidwe awo okutira, komanso kupereka njira yokhazikika yopangira yomwe imawongolera kupanga ndi magwiridwe antchito onse azinthu. Makina okutira a UV amathandizanso kusunga ndalama zambiri. Monga tafotokozera m'nkhaniyi, ndalama zonse zomwe kasitomala adasunga zidapitilira $1,200,000 pachaka, kuphatikiza kuchotsa mapaundi opitilira 154,000 a mpweya wa VOC.
Kuti mudziwe zambiri komanso kuti mupeze ma calculators a ROI, pitani ku www.alliedphotochemical.com/roi-calculators/. Kuti mudziwe zambiri zokhudza kukonza njira ndi chitsanzo cha calculators ya ROI, pitani ku www.uvebtechnology.com.
Mzere Wam'mbali
Njira Yophikira UV Kukhazikika / Ubwino Wachilengedwe:
Ma Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) Opanda Kusinthasintha
Palibe Zowononga Mpweya Zoopsa (HAPs)
Chosayaka Moto
Palibe zosungunulira, madzi kapena zodzaza
Palibe vuto la chinyezi kapena kutentha
Kuwongolera Njira Zonse Zoperekedwa ndi UV Coatings:
Liwiro lopanga mwachangu lopitirira mamita 800 mpaka 900 pamphindi, kutengera kukula kwa chinthucho
Malo ochepera mapazi 35 (kutalika kolunjika)
Ntchito yochepa yomwe ikuchitika
Kuumitsa nthawi yomweyo popanda zofunikira pambuyo pochira
Palibe mavuto ophimba pansi pa madzi
Palibe kusintha kwa chophimba pa nkhani za kutentha kapena chinyezi
Palibe njira yapadera yosungira/kusamalira zinthu panthawi yosintha ma shift, kukonza kapena kutseka kwa sabata
Kuchepetsa ndalama zogwirira ntchito zokhudzana ndi ogwira ntchito komanso kukonza
Kutha kubwezeretsanso kupopera, kusefanso ndikubwezeretsanso mu dongosolo lopaka utoto
Kugwira Ntchito Kwabwino Kwambiri ndi Zophimba za UV:
Zotsatira zabwino zoyesera chinyezi
Zotsatira zabwino kwambiri zoyesa chifunga cha mchere
Kutha kusintha mawonekedwe ndi mtundu wa utoto
Zovala zoyera, zitsulo ndi mitundu zikupezeka
Mtengo wotsika wa kupaka utoto pa phazi lililonse monga momwe zasonyezedwera ndi chowerengera cha ROI:
Nthawi yotumizira: Disembala 14-2023
