Kudera lonse la Latin America, kukula kwa GDP kuli pafupifupi kofanana ndi 2%, malinga ndi ECLAC.
Charles W. Thurston, Mtolankhani wa ku Latin America03.31.25
Kufunika kwakukulu kwa zinthu zopaka utoto ndi zokutira ku Brazil kunakula ndi 6% mu 2024, zomwe zinachulukitsa kawiri kuchuluka kwa zinthu zonse zapakhomo mdzikolo. M'zaka zapitazi, makampaniwa nthawi zambiri akhala akukwera mofulumira kuposa GDP ndi gawo limodzi kapena awiri peresenti, koma chaka chatha, chiŵerengerocho chinakwera mofulumira, malinga ndi lipoti laposachedwa la Abrafati, bungwe la Associação Brasileira dos Fabricantes de Tintas.
"Msika wa utoto ndi zokutira ku Brazil unatha mu 2024 ndi malonda odabwitsa, opitilira zomwe zinanenedweratu chaka chonse. Liwiro la malonda linakhalabe lolimba chaka chonse m'mitundu yonse ya zinthu, kukweza kuchuluka konse kufika pa malita 1.983 biliyoni - malita 112 miliyoni kuposa chaka chatha, zomwe zikuyimira kukula kwa 6.0% - kuposa chiŵerengero cha 5.7% cha 2021, chaka chomwe chimaonedwa kuti ndi chapamwamba kwambiri ndi makampani," adatero Fabio Humberg, director wa Abrafati de comunicação e relações institucionais, mu imelo yopita ku CW.
"Voliyumu ya 2024 — ya malita pafupifupi 2 biliyoni — ikuyimira zotsatira zabwino kwambiri m'mbiri yonse ndipo yapanga kale Brazil kukhala wopanga wachinayi padziko lonse lapansi, kupitirira Germany," adatero Humberg.
Kukula kwa Chigawo Kuli Pafupi ndi Pansi
Kudera lonse la Latin America, kukula kwa GDP kuli pafupifupi kofanana ndi 2%, malinga ndi bungwe la United Nations' Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC). "Mu 2024, chuma cha derali chinakula ndi pafupifupi 2.2%, ndipo mu 2025, kukula kwa dera kukuyembekezeka kukhala 2.4%," anatero akatswiri a ECLAC Economic Development Division mu Preliminary Overview of the Economies of Latin America and the Caribbean, yomwe idatulutsidwa kumapeto kwa chaka cha 2024.
"Ngakhale kuti ziyerekezo za 2024 ndi 2025 zili pamwamba pa avareji ya zaka khumi zapitazi, kukula kwachuma kudzakhalabe kotsika. Kukula kwapakati pachaka kwa zaka khumi kuyambira 2015 mpaka 2024 kuli pa 1%, zomwe zikusonyeza kuti GDP ya munthu aliyense sikuyenda bwino panthawiyo," lipotilo linatero. Mayiko am'derali akukumana ndi zomwe ECLAC yatcha "msampha wa mphamvu zochepa zokulira."
Kukula kwa madera ang'onoang'ono sikunafanane, ndipo izi zikupitilira, malinga ndi ECLAC. "Palikulu la madera ang'onoang'ono, ku South America komanso m'gulu lomwe lili ndi Mexico ndi Central America, kuchuluka kwa kukula kwatsika kuyambira theka lachiwiri la 2022. Ku South America, kuchepa kwachuma kumakhala kwakukulu pamene Brazil sikuphatikizidwa, chifukwa dzikolo likukweza kukula kwa GDP yonse ya madera ang'onoang'ono chifukwa cha kukula kwake komanso magwiridwe antchito abwino; kukula kukudalira kwambiri kugwiritsa ntchito ndalama zachinsinsi," lipotilo likutero.
"Kuchepa kwa ntchito komwe kukuyerekezeredwa kukusonyeza kuti munthawi yapakati, zomwe chuma cha Latin America ndi Caribbean chimapereka pakukula kwa dziko lonse, zomwe zikufotokozedwa m'maperesenti, zidzachepa pafupifupi theka," lipotilo likuwonetsa.
Deta ndi mikhalidwe ya mayiko ofunikira ku Latin America zimatsatira.
Brazil
Kuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwa kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa utoto ndi zophimba ku Brazil mu 2024 kunathandizidwa ndi kukula kwachuma kwa 3.2% mdzikolo. Kuneneratu kwa GDP kwa 2025 kuli pang'onopang'ono, pa 2.3%, malinga ndi zomwe ECLAC ikunena. Zomwe Banki Yapadziko Lonse ikunena ndi zofanana ndi za ku Brazil.
Malinga ndi gawo la makampani opanga utoto, ntchito ya Brazil inali yolimba m'mabungwe onse, motsogozedwa ndi gawo la magalimoto. "Panali kukula kwa mitundu yonse ya zinthu kuchokera ku makampani opanga utoto ndi zokutira [mu 2024], makamaka mu zophimba za OEM zamagalimoto, zomwe zidabwera pambuyo pa kuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwa malonda a magalimoto," adatero Abrafati.
Kugulitsa magalimoto atsopano ku Brazil kuphatikizapo mabasi ndi malole kunakwera ndi 14% mu 2024 kufika pamlingo wapamwamba kwambiri wazaka 10, malinga ndi bungwe la Associacao Nacional dos Fabricantes de Veiculos Automotores (Anfavea). Malonda a chaka chonse anali magalimoto 2.63 miliyoni mu 2024, zomwe zinapangitsa kuti dzikolo likhale pa nambala 8 padziko lonse lapansi pakati pa misika, malinga ndi bungweli. (Onani CW 1/24/25).
"Zophimba zokongoletsa magalimoto zinawonanso kuti malonda akukula ndi 3.6%, chifukwa cha kuwonjezeka kwa malonda a magalimoto atsopano - zomwe zimakhudza kugulitsa magalimoto ogwiritsidwa ntchito komanso ndalama zogulira pokonzekera malonda amenewo - komanso kuchuluka kwa chidaliro cha ogula," adatero Abrafati.
Utoto wokongoletsera unapitilizabe kuwonetsa bwino kwambiri, ndi kuchuluka kwa malita 1.490 biliyoni (kukwera ndi 5.9% kuchokera chaka chatha), akutero Abrafati. "Chimodzi mwa zifukwa zomwe zimapangitsa kuti utoto wokongoletsera ukhale wabwino ndi kuphatikiza chizolowezi cha anthu osamalira nyumba zawo, kuti zikhale malo otonthoza, othawirako komanso abwino, omwe akhalapo kuyambira mliriwu," akutero Abrafati.
"Chowonjezera pa izi ndi kuwonjezeka kwa chidaliro cha ogula, chifukwa ogula akumva kuti ali ndi ntchito zambiri komanso chitetezo cha ndalama, zomwe ndizofunikira kwambiri kuti asankhe kugwiritsa ntchito ndalama zogulira utoto watsopano pa malo awo," adatero purezidenti wamkulu wa Abrafati, Luiz Cornacchioni, mu kalatayo.
Zophimba mafakitale zidawonetsanso kukula kwakukulu, komwe kudakulitsidwa ndi mapulogalamu a chitukuko cha boma omwe adayamba kumapeto kwa chaka cha 2023 motsogozedwa ndi Purezidenti Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva.
"Chinthu china chofunika kwambiri mu 2024 chinali kugwira ntchito kwa zophimba mafakitale, zomwe zidakula ndi zoposa 6.3% poyerekeza ndi 2023. Magulu onse a mzere wa zophimba mafakitale adawonetsa kukula kwakukulu, makamaka chifukwa cha kugulitsa kwamphamvu kwa zinthu zolimba zomwe ogula amagwiritsa ntchito komanso kupita patsogolo kwa mapulojekiti omanga nyumba (komwe kudalimbikitsidwa ndi zinthu monga chaka cha chisankho ndi mapangano omwe adaperekedwa kwa makampani achinsinsi)," adatero Abrafati.
Zomangamanga ndi cholinga chachikulu cha Pulogalamu ya boma ya New Growth Acceleration Program (Novo PAC), yomwe ndi pulani yogulira ndalama yokwana $347 biliyoni yomwe cholinga chake ndi zomangamanga, chitukuko, ndi mapulojekiti azachilengedwe, zomwe cholinga chake ndi kukulitsa madera onse mdziko muno mofanana (Onani CW 11/12/24).
"Novo PAC ikuphatikiza mgwirizano wamphamvu pakati pa boma la federal ndi mabungwe achinsinsi, maboma, mizinda, ndi mabungwe ogwirizana ndi anthu onse pothandizana komanso kudzipereka kuti pakhale kusintha kwa zachilengedwe, chitukuko cha mafakitale atsopano, kukula pamodzi ndi kuphatikiza anthu, komanso kukhazikika kwa chilengedwe," ikutero tsamba lawebusayiti la purezidenti.
Osewera akuluakulu pamsika wa utoto, zokutira ndi zomatira (NAICS CODES: 3255) akuphatikizapo asanu awa, malinga ndi Dunn & Bradstreet:
• Oswaldo Crus Quimica Industria e Comercio, yomwe ili ku Guarulhos, m'chigawo cha Sao Paulo, ndi malonda a pachaka a $ 271.85 miliyoni.
• Henkel, yomwe ili ku Itapevi, m'boma la Sao Paulo, ili ndi malonda okwana $140.69 miliyoni.
• Killing S/A Tintas e Adesivos, yomwe ili ku Novo Hamburgo, Rio Grande Do Sul state, ndi $ 129.14 miliyoni pogulitsa.
• Renner Sayerlack, wokhala ku Sao Paulo, ndi malonda a $111.3 miliyoni.
• Sherwin-Williams do Brasil Industria e Comercio, yomwe ili ku Taboao Da Serra, m'chigawo cha Sao Paulo, ndi $ 93.19 miliyoni pogulitsa.
Argentina
Argentina, yomwe ili pafupi ndi Brazil pakati pa mayiko a Southern Cone, ikukonzekera kubweza kukula kwamphamvu kwa 4.3% chaka chino pambuyo pa kuchepa kwa 3.2% mu 2024, makamaka chifukwa cha malangizo azachuma a Purezidenti Javier Milei. Kuyerekeza kwa GDP kumeneku ndi ECLAC sikuli ndi chiyembekezo chofanana ndi kulosera kwa International Monetary Fund kwa kukula kwa 5% ku Argentina mu 2025.
Nthawi yokonzanso nyumba ku Argentina ikuyembekezeka kuwonjezera kufunikira kwa utoto ndi zokutira zomangamanga (Onani CW 9/23/24Kusintha kwakukulu ku Argentina ndi kutha kwa kukwera kwa lendi ndi ulamuliro wa nthawi yobwereka msika wa nyumba zogona. Mu Ogasiti 2024, Milei anachotsa Lamulo Lobwereka la 2020 lomwe linakhazikitsidwa ndi wakale
ulamuliro wa kumanzere.
Kukonzanso nyumba zomwe zabwerera pamsika wotseguka kungapangitse kuti zophimba zomangamanga zikwere mtengo wa pafupifupi $650 miliyoni pofika kumapeto kwa chaka cha 2027 pambuyo poti zakula ndi kuchuluka kwa pachaka kwa CAGR (compound annual growth rate) pafupifupi 4.5% mkati mwa zaka zisanu pakati pa 2022 ndi 2027, malinga ndi kafukufuku wa IndustryARC.
Makampani akuluakulu opaka utoto ndi zokutira ku Argentina, malinga ndi D&B, akuphatikizapo:
• Akzo Nobel Argentina, wokhala ku Garín, m'chigawo cha Buenos Aires, malonda sanatchulidwe.
• Ferrum SA de Ceramica y Metalurgia, yomwe ili ku Avellaneda, Buenos Aires, ndi malonda a $ 116.06 miliyoni pachaka.
• Chemotecnica, yomwe ili ku Carlos Spegazzini, Buenos Aires, malonda ake sanatchulidwe.
• Mapei Argentina, omwe ali ku Escobar, Buenos Aires, malonda sanatchulidwe.
• Akapol, wokhala ku Villa Ballester, Buenos Aires, malonda sanatchulidwe.
Colombia
Kukula kobwerera m'mbuyo ku Colombia kukuyembekezeka kuchitika mu 2025 pa 2.6% poyerekeza ndi 1.8% mu 2024, malinga ndi ECLAC. Izi zipereka chiyembekezo chabwino makamaka kwa
gawo la zomangamanga.
"Kufunika kwa dzikolo kudzakhala chinthu chachikulu chomwe chimapangitsa kuti pakhale kukula kwachuma m'zaka ziwiri zikubwerazi. Kugwiritsa ntchito katundu, komwe kudayamba pang'ono mu 2024, kudzakula kwambiri mu 2025 chifukwa cha chiwongola dzanja chotsika komanso ndalama zenizeni," akulemba akatswiri ku BBVA mu lipoti la Marichi 2025 la dzikolo.
Kukonza zomangamanga, komwe kukuyamba kukwera, kudzawonjezeranso kufunikira kwa zokutira za mafakitale. Mapulojekiti akuluakulu, monga bwalo latsopano la ndege la Cartegena, akukonzekera kuyamba ntchito yomanga mkati mwa theka loyamba la chaka cha 2025.
"Boma likuyang'ana kwambiri zomangamanga, kuphatikizapo mayendedwe, mphamvu ndi zomangamanga za anthu (masukulu ndi zipatala), zipitiliza kukhala mizati yayikulu ya njira zachuma. Mapulojekiti ofunikira akuphatikizapo kukulitsa misewu, machitidwe a metro ndi kukonzanso madoko," akutero akatswiri ku Gleeds.
"Gawo la ntchito za boma linapitiliza kudabwitsa pokula ndi 13.9% mu kotala lachiwiri la 2024 mu mndandanda wake wosinthidwa nyengo, pambuyo pa magawo asanu otsatizana a kuchepa. Komabe, likadali gawo lotsalira kwambiri mu chuma chonse, likuyimira 36% pansi pa milingo ya mliri usanachitike," akuwonjezera akatswiri a Gleeds.
Osewera akuluakulu pamsika monga momwe D&B adanenera ndi awa:
• Kampani ya Compania Global de Pinturas, yomwe ili ku Medellin, ku dipatimenti ya Antioquia, ili ndi malonda a $219.33 miliyoni pachaka.
• Invesa, yomwe ili ku Envigado, Antioquia, ndi malonda a $117.62 miliyoni.
• Coloquimica, yomwe ili ku La Estrella, Antioquia, ndi $ 68.16 miliyoni yogulitsa.
• Sun Chemical Colombia, yomwe ili ku Medellin, Antioquia. ndi malonda a $62.97 miliyoni.
• PPG Industries Colombia, yomwe ili ku Itagui, Antioquia, ndi malonda a $55.02 miliyoni.
Paraguay
Pakati pa mayiko aku Latin America omwe akuyembekezeka kukula mofulumira kwambiri ndi Paraguay, yomwe ikuyembekezeka kukulitsa GDP yake ndi 4.2% chaka chino, pambuyo pa kukula kwa 3.9% chaka chatha, malinga ndi malipoti a ECLAC.
"GDP ku Paraguay ikuyembekezeka kukhala $45 biliyoni kumapeto kwa chaka cha 2024 malinga ndi mitengo ya GDP yomwe ilipo. Poganizira za 2025, ziwonetsero zikusonyeza kuti chiyerekezo cha GDP ku Paraguay cha 2025 chikhoza kukhala $46.3 biliyoni. Chuma cha Paraguay chakula pa avareji ya kukula kwa pachaka kwa 6.1% m'zaka zinayi zapitazi ndipo chili pa nambala 15 pa chuma chachikulu ku America, patsogolo pa Uruguay," ikutero World Economics, akatswiri ofufuza ochokera ku London.
Kupanga zinthu zazing'ono kukupitilirabe kukhala gawo lalikulu la chuma cha Paraguay. "BCP [Paraguay Central Bank] ikuyerekeza kuti [2025] idzakhala yopambana pamakampani ku Paraguay, pogogomezera kwambiri gawo la maquila (kupanga ndi kumaliza zinthu). Chiyembekezo cha makampani onse ndi kukula kwa 5%" inatero H2Foz, mu Disembala 2024.
Kuyika ndalama mu zomangamanga kudzathandizanso kupanga zinthu ku Paraguay.
"Fund ya OPEC for International Development (mu Januwale) idalengeza kuti ikupereka ngongole ya $50 miliyoni ku Paraguay kuti ithandizire kukonzanso, kukonza ndi kukonza National Route PY22 ndi misewu yolowera kumpoto kwa Paraguay ku Concepción. Adathandizira ndi ngongole ya $135 miliyoni kuchokera ku CAF (Development Bank of Latin America and the Caribbean)," idatero Middle East Economy.
Misewu ndi kumanga mahotela atsopano zithandiza Paraguay kukulitsa bizinesi yake yokopa alendo, yomwe ikukula mofulumira, ndi alendo opitilira 2.2 miliyoni, malinga ndi lipoti lochokera ku Paraguay Secretariat of Tourism (Senatur). "Deta yomwe yasonkhanitsidwa mogwirizana ndi Directorate of Migration, ikuwonetsa kuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwa alendo obwera ndi 22% poyerekeza ndi 2023," ikutero Resumen de Noticias (RSN).
Ku Caribbean
Monga chigawo chaching'ono, dziko la Caribbean likuyembekezeka kuwonetsa kukula kwa 11% chaka chino, poyerekeza ndi 5.7% mu 2024, malinga ndi ECLAC (Onani tchati cha ECLAC GDP). Mwa mayiko 14 omwe amaonedwa kuti ndi mbali ya chigawochi, Guyana ikuyembekezeka kuwonetsa kukula kosazolowereka kwa 41.5% chaka chino, poyerekeza ndi 13.6% mu 2024, chifukwa cha kukula kwachangu kwa makampani opanga mafuta m'nyanja kumeneko.
Banki Yapadziko Lonse ikunena kuti Guyana ili ndi mafuta ndi gasi okwana "migolo yoposa 11.2 biliyoni yofanana ndi mafuta, kuphatikizapo malo osungira gasi wachilengedwe okwana pafupifupi 17 thililiyoni." Makampani ambiri amafuta apadziko lonse lapansi akupitilizabe kuyika ndalama zambiri, zomwe zidapangitsa kuti kupanga mafuta mwachangu kuyambe mu 2022 mdzikolo.
Kuchuluka kwa ndalama zomwe zapezeka kudzathandiza kupanga kufunikira kwatsopano kwa magawo onse a utoto ndi zokutira. "Ngakhale, m'mbuyomu, GDP ya munthu aliyense ku Guyana inali pakati pa otsika kwambiri ku South America, kukula kwachuma kwakukulu kuyambira 2020, pafupifupi 42.3% m'zaka zitatu zapitazi, kunapangitsa GDP ya munthu aliyense kukhala yoposa $18,199 mu 2022, kuchokera pa $6,477 mu 2019," World
Malipoti a banki.
Malinga ndi kafukufuku wa Google AI, osewera akuluakulu opanga utoto ndi zophimba m'chigawochi ndi awa:
• Osewera m'madera: Lanco Paints & Coatings, Berger, Harris, Lee Wind, Penta, ndi Royal.
• Makampani akunja: PPG, Sherwin-Williams, Axalta, Benjamin Moore ndi Comex.
• Makampani ena odziwika bwino ndi monga RM Lucas Co. ndi Caribbean Paint Factory Aruba.
Venezuela
Kwa zaka zambiri, Venezuela yakhala dziko losauka kwambiri ku Latin America, ngakhale kuti dzikolo lili ndi mafuta ndi gasi, pansi pa ulamuliro wa Purezidenti Nicolás Maduro. ECLAC ikuneneratu kuti chuma chidzakula ndi 6.2% chaka chino, poyerekeza ndi 3.1% mu 2024.
Boma la Trump likhoza kunyalanyaza zomwe zikuyembekezeredwa pakukula kwa dzikolo polengeza kumapeto kwa mwezi wa Marichi kuti dziko la United States lipereka msonkho wa 25% ku dziko lililonse lomwe limatumiza mafuta ku Venezuela, lomwe limawerengera pafupifupi 90% ya chuma cha dzikolo.
Kulengeza misonkho kumeneku kunabwera pambuyo pa kuthetsedwa kwa chilolezo cha Chevron chofufuza ndikupanga mafuta mdzikolo pa 4 March. "Ngati lamuloli lipitirire ku makampani ena - kuphatikizapo Repsol yaku Spain, Eni yaku Italy, ndi Maurel & Prom yaku France - chuma cha Venezuela chikhoza kukumana ndi kuchepa kwakukulu kwa kupanga mafuta osakonzedwa, kuchepa kwa kugawa mafuta, msika wofooka wa ndalama zakunja, kuchepa kwa mtengo, komanso kukwera kwa mitengo yamafuta," akutero Caracas Chronicles.
Bungwe la atolankhani likunena za kusintha kwaposachedwa kwa malingaliro kuchokera ku Ecoanalítica, komwe "kukuwonetsa kuchepa kwa 2% mpaka 3% mu GDP pofika kumapeto kwa chaka cha 2025, ndi kuchepa kwa 20% mu gawo la mafuta." Akatswiri akupitiliza kuti: "Zizindikiro zonse zikusonyeza kuti chaka cha 2025 chidzakhala chovuta kwambiri kuposa momwe ankayembekezera poyamba, ndi kutsika kwakukulu kwa kupanga kwakanthawi kochepa komanso kuchepa kwa ndalama zomwe amapeza mumafuta."
Lipoti la EuroNews linati, pakati pa mayiko omwe amatumiza mafuta ku Venezuela, China, yomwe mu 2023 idagula 68% ya mafuta omwe amatumizidwa ndi Venezuela, malinga ndi kafukufuku wa 2024 wa US Energy Information Administration. "Spain, India, Russia, Singapore ndi Vietnam nawonso ndi mayiko omwe amalandira mafuta kuchokera ku Venezuela," lipotilo linatero.
"Koma ngakhale dziko la United States - ngakhale kuti linaletsa Venezuela - limagula mafuta kuchokera kudziko limenelo. Mu Januwale, dziko la United States linaitanitsa migolo 8.6 miliyoni ya mafuta kuchokera ku Venezuela, malinga ndi Census Bureau, mwa migolo pafupifupi 202 miliyoni yomwe inatumizidwa mwezi umenewo," inatero EuroNews.
M'dziko muno, chuma chikuyang'anabe pakusintha nyumba, zomwe ziyenera kuwonjezera kufunikira kwa utoto ndi zokutira zomangamanga. Mu Meyi 2024, boma la Venezuela lidakondwerera chikumbutso cha 13 cha pulogalamu yake ya Great Housing Mission (GMVV), ndikukondwerera nyumba ya 4.9 miliyoni yoperekedwa kwa mabanja ogwira ntchito, malinga ndi lipoti la Venezuelanalysis. Pulogalamuyi ili ndi cholinga chomanga nyumba 7 miliyoni pofika chaka cha 2030.
Ngakhale kuti amalonda akumadzulo angaope kuwonjezera kutchuka kwawo ku Venezuela, mabanki amayiko osiyanasiyana akuthandiza mapulojekiti a zomangamanga, kuphatikizapo banki ya Development of Latin America ndi Caribbean (CAF).
Nthawi yotumizira: Meyi-08-2025
